• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    BRAKING DEVICE WITH ELECTROMECHANICAL DRIVING DEVICE. In this elevator installation an elevator cage (2) is arranged in order to be movable along at least two guide rails (6) and the elevator cage (2) is equipped with a braking system preferably with two brakes (20 ). The elevator brake device (20) comprises a brake housing (21) and a force store (24). The braking housing (21) is mounted in order to be displaced vertically or in a longitudinal direction parallel to a braking direction, between a first position (B1) and a second position (B2). The force store (24) acts on the brake housing (21) and pushes the brake housing towards a second position (B2). In addition, the elevator braking device (20) comprises a driver (32) which can act on the brake housing (21) and which is constructed in order to maintain the brake housing in a first position (B1). In this regard, the driver in its first configuration (P1) can maintain the brake housing (21) in the first position (B1) against the force (F24) of the force store (24). In a second configuration (P2) of the actuator, it allows the brake housing (21) to be pushed into the second position (...).
    公开号:BR112013018423B1
    申请号:R112013018423-0
    申请日:2012-09-21
    公开日:2021-03-16
    发明作者:Daniel Meierhans；Faruk Osmanbasic；Marcus Junig；Michael Geisshüsler；Nicolas Gremaud；Josef A. Muff
    申请人:Inventio Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    [0001] The invention relates to a braking device with a drive device for braking an elevator cage, a method of operating the braking device and an elevator installation with such a braking device.
    [0002] The elevator installation is installed in a building. It consists essentially of a cage that is connected by means of support devices to a counterweight or with a second cage. The cage is moved along substantially vertical rails by means of an actuator, which acts selectively on the support devices or directly on the cage or counterweight. The elevator installation is used to transport people and goods within a building through individual floors or several floors. The elevator installation includes devices in order to secure the elevator cage in the case and failure of the drive or support device. For this purpose, the use is usually made of braking devices that can brake the elevator cage on the guide rails when necessary.
    [0003] Such a braking device is known from publication DE 2139056. This braking device includes a cam cam similar to an eccentric. For activation, the control cam is rotated around a center so that the control cam engages with the guide rail. The control cam is activated via a connection from a mechanical speed limiter. Such a mechanical speed limiter is expensive and intensive in terms of maintenance.
    [0004] An additional braking device is known from US publication 6425462. In this regard, a cage weight acts by means of a vertical moving force element and associated pressure lever on brake plates, which are thus pushed against the guide rails when necessary. A load-dependent braking action appears. The drive lever, the power element and the associated support points are highly loaded in correspondence with a required braking force.
    [0005] The invention aims to provide a new drive device for such a braking device. The reciprocating device must be operated electromechanically and must be easily reconfigurable. In addition, it must be simple in terms of construction and must be able to be combined as much as possible with existing braking devices.
    [0006] The solutions described below fulfill at least some individual requirements. An elevator braking device is proposed and is suitable in order to delay or retain an elevator cage in cooperation with a brake rail when necessary. Advantageously, this elevator brake device is arranged on an elevator travel body, for example, the elevator cage or if necessary also the counterweight, and can cooperate with the guide rails which for this purpose comprise the brake rails. The brake tracks can also be used in a multifunctional way to guide the body of travel. Similarly, the elevator braking device can also be arranged in the driving region and the brake track can be a brake disc or also a brake cable.
    [0007] The elevator braking device comprises at least one brake housing. The brake housing includes parts that are suitable to be engaged with the brake rail for braking purposes.
    [0008] Advantageously, the elevator braking device comprises for that purpose at least one braking element which is constructed to be self-energizing, for example, with a wedge or a cam or another form of amplification curve. This brake element is preferably incorporated in the brake housing. The automatic energizing device that the brake element, after being placed by an initial force on the brake rail, automatically moves into a braking configuration by a relative movement between the elevator braking device and the brake rail. Such an initial force is provided by a force store that is built to press the brake element, when necessary, against the brake surface, since the brake housing is pushed in the vertical direction in a second position, preferably a position higher.
    [0009] The elevator braking device additionally comprises an actuator that can act similarly in the brake housing and which is constructed in order to retain the brake housing in a first position, preferably a lower position. This first position corresponds to the location that starts with an operational position for the elevator installation. In this operational position, the elevator braking device is not arranged in the brake hitch and the installation of the elevator or its travel bodies can be moved according to the operation. The driver can therefore, in a first configuration, hold the brake housing in the first position against the force of the force store. In a second configuration, the actuator allows the brake housing to be pushed into the second position. By moving the brake housing to the second position, the braking parts of the high-speed braking device such as, for example, said brake elements are now placed in engagement with the braking rail, where the braking is initiated and fulfilled.
    [00010] The brake housing is for this purpose mounted in order to be vertically displaceable, or in a longitudinal direction parallel to a braking direction, between the first preferably lower position and the second preferably upper position. The braking direction in this case results from a travel direction of the travel body. In this way, on the one hand, when the actuator retains the brake housing in the first position, unchecked movement of the travel body is possible. When necessary, the actuator releases the brake housing, where the force store can bring the brake housing to the second position and as a result, braking can be initiated.
    [00011] In a variation of the modality, the elevator braking device additionally comprises a support that can be attached to the travel body of the elevator installation or integrated into it. The support includes a vertical guide that allows the substantially vertical displacement of the brake housing between the first position and the second position. In this way, an economical modular solution can be provided, which can be installed not only on existing elevators, but also on new elevator concepts.
    [00012] In a variation of the embodiment, the force store of the elevator braking device comprises a compression spring which acts on the brake housing and which is preferably disposed between the support and the brake housing. Pneumatic, hydraulic force storages or, for example, in the case of an arrangement in a stationary body, for example, in the actuator, weight based force storers also come into question.
    [00013] In a variation of the modality, the brake housing comprises the brake element, where that brake element is mounted in the brake housing to be articulated around a geometric axis of rotation. In addition, the brake element is connected to a connection part for the support so that the brake element in case of vertical displacement of the brake housing rotates with respect to the support. The brake element can therefore be engaged with the brake rail. In this way, use can be made of proven essentially existing brake parts which, in turn, are economical and promote customer acceptance.
    [00014] The vertical guide has a guide length in this respect, which on the one hand is long enough to place the brake element securely in engagement with the brake rail. On the other hand, the vertical guide is delimited so that in the brake configuration, a braking force can be readily introduced into the support. This delimitation is preferably achieved by an upper and lower vertical support, supports that limit the length of the guide and which can transmit the braking force to the path body when necessary.
    [00015] In a variation of the modality, the braking element is provided with a centralizing device that keeps the braking element in an operational position. In this way, it is ensured that the elevator braking device can provide sufficient transit clearance for the brake rail and thus smooth operation of the elevator installation is possible. An air gap that is present in the operational position between the brake element and the brake rail in order to allow the elevator cage to move or the counterweight is called the transit clearance. One question is whether the centering devices are tension or compression springs that pull or press the braking element into a zero position or operational position. Alternatively, the centering device can also be constructed as a snap-fit device or notch device.
    [00016] In a variation of the modality, the elevator braking device generates in the second position a braking force that is adequate to brake the travel body of the elevator installation in a travel direction and keep it stopped. In addition, the elevator braking device can be reconfigured by a release movement opposite the direction of travel. In this regard, the system is adapted in such a way that a reconfiguration force necessary to release the elevator's braking device or its fixing mechanism is greater than the force of the force store. The brake housing, when reconfiguring the elevator braking device from the second position back to the first position, thus tensions the force store. At the same time, the driver can again grab and retain the brake housing in the first position. The actuator itself in this case does not need any additional energy to reconfigure, since through the reconfiguration movement the actuator is geometrically located in the first configuration again. For preference purposes, the actuator is constructed so as to be resiliently dampening since, for example, actuator levers are of resilient construction or that coupling points, such as the fixing electromagnet, are fixed by means of a resilient support and damping. Impacts such as those occurring in the reconfiguration of the system are thus cushioned.
    [00017] In a variation of the modality the brake housing is mounted and retained in the support to be horizontally displaceable. The elevator braking device can therefore be automatically oriented with respect to the brake rail when braking occurs. Extreme lateral loads on the guiding elements of the travel body are thus avoided.
    [00018] In a variation of the modality the brake element has a central fixing region that is formed eccentrically or similarly to an eccentric with respect to the rotating support. In this respect, a radial spacing of the rotating support for the fastening region increases continuously through an angle of rotation. Alternatively, the brake element comprises a control cam with a control cam. The control cam is formed eccentrically or similarly to an eccentric with respect to the rotating support so that a radial spacing from the rotating support to the control cam increases through a rotating angle. In this case, by rotating the control cam and the control cam, a brake shoe is pressed against the brake rail. Good self-energization of the elevator braking device can thus be achieved and the retraction reliability is high. External driving forces can be kept low.
    [00019] In a variation of the modality, the elevator braking device additionally comprises a brake plate. This brake plate is arranged so that the brake rail or the corresponding guide rail can be secured between the brake element and the brake plate. In this respect, the brake plate is preferably attached to the brake housing by means of a brake spring. This allows for simple configuration of the elevator braking device for required loads and allows for wear compensation.
    [00020] In a variation of the modality, the actuator comprises a fixing electromagnet with an armature plate. The brake housing can therefore be maintained in an electromagnetic position in the first position. In the first configuration, the armature plate in this case rests against the fixing electromagnet and is maintained in an electromagnetic manner by the same. A force of the clamping electromagnet reacts to the force of the force store. If the clamping electromagnet is deactivated, the force store pushes the brake housing upwards. In the return movement of the brake housing from the first position to the second position, the armature plate, even in the current-free state of the clamping electromagnet, is brought in a restricted way for contact with the clamping electromagnet. In this way, the use can be made of particularly advantageous elements, since the fixing electromagnet does not need to form a bridge through an air space to reconfigure the lifting braking device.
    [00021] Alternatively, a lock solution can obviously also be selected, where the lock for reconfiguration is, for example, locked in a restricted way, but not yet locked. Locking occurs, for example, only after a control circuit is connected, which confirms the correct operation of the elevator installation.
    [00022] In a variation of the modality, the actuator comprises an auxiliary weight or is adequately formatted so that a dragging device, preferably an actuator locking cylinder, is kept in contact with the brake housing.
    [00023] Alternatively, or in addition, the actuator comprises an auxiliary spring that holds the drive device or the locking cylinder of the actuator in contact with the brake housing. The locking cylinder allows friction-free lateral displacement of the brake housing and the auxiliary weight or the auxiliary spring has the effect that, during the reconfiguration of the elevator braking device, the actuator, for example, the clamping electromagnet, is configured to within its initial position. As a result, merely a spiraling current from the clamping electromagnet can be connected and the actuator is clamped directly.
    [00024] In a variation of the modality, the trigger is configurable. In this way, the configuration of the first position of the brake housing can be carried out precisely. This is made possible, for example, since the reinforcement plate is fixed by means of a configuration screw.
    [00025] In general, such an elevator braking device is installed in or attached to an elevator installation with an elevator cage and advantageously directly to it. The brake rail is directly a component of the guide rail and the elevator brake device attaches a guide rail screen for maintenance and braking purposes.
    [00026] Advantageously, the elevator cage is provided with two elevator brake devices and these elevator brake devices can act on two guide rails arranged on opposite sides of the elevator cage. These two elevator braking devices are advantageously coupled to a synchronizing rod and two elevator braking devices advantageously each comprise a respective driver. The reliability of the lifting braking devices can thus be increased, since in the event of failure of one of the actuators, the remaining actuator synchronously activates the two elevator braking devices by means of the synchronization rod. Braking on one side is thus prevented. A counterweight of the elevator installation can, of course, also be equipped with corresponding braking devices.
    [00027] The invention is explained by way of example below based on the modalities together with the figures, in which: Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic view of an elevator installation in side view; Fig. 2 illustrates a schematic view of the elevator installation in cross section; Fig. 3 illustrates a schematic view of an elevator braking device in a first, non-actuated position; Fig. 4 illustrates an elevator brake device of Fig. 3 in a second driven position; Fig. 5 illustrates the elevator braking device of Fig. 3 in an additional second braking position; Fig. 6 illustrates a braking device of Fig. 3 in a first reset position; Fig. 7 illustrates an alternative embodiment of a driver for the elevator brake device of Fig. 3; Fig. 8s illustrates a side view of an additional embodiment of an elevator braking device in a first non-actuated position; Fig. 8f shows a front view with respect to the elevator braking device of Fig. 8s; Fig. 9s illustrates a side view of the additional embodiment of Fig. 8s in a second driven position; and Fig. 9f shows a front view with respect to the elevator braking device of Fig. 9s.
    [00028] In the figures, the same numerical references are used by all figures for equivalent parts.
    [00029] Fig. 1 illustrates an elevator installation 1 in an overview. The elevator installation 1 is installed in a building and serves to transport people or goods within the building. The elevator installation includes an elevator cage 2 that can move up and down along guide rails 6. The elevator cage 2 serves the purpose provided with the guide shoes 8 that guide the elevator cage as precisely as possible while along a predetermined route. The elevator cage 2 is accessible from the building through doors. A driver 5 is used to drive and retain the elevator cage 2. The driver 5 is arranged, for example, on support cables or support straps, on the driver 5. The support device 4 is oriented by means of the driver 5 forward for a counterweight 3. The counterweight balances a weight ratio of the elevator cage 2 so that the driver 5 merely has to provide compensation for an unbalanced weight between the cage 2 and the counterweight 3. In the example, the driver 5 is arranged in the upper region of the building. It can of course also be arranged in a different location in the building or in the region of cage 2 or counterweight 3.
    [00030] The elevator cage 2 is equipped with a braking system, which is suitable for attaching and / or delaying the elevator cage 2 in the event of an unexpected movement or in the case of speeding. In the example, the braking system is placed below the cage 2 and is electrically activated, for example, by means of a monitoring module 11. A mechanical speed limiter, such as the one normally employed, can accordingly be eliminated.
    [00031] The construction is particularly suitable for an elevator braking device that has a so-called safety brake device that prevents the elevator cage or counterweight from over speeding in the downward direction.
    [00032] Fig. 2 illustrates the elevator installation of Fig. 1 in a schematic plan view. The braking system includes two elevator braking devices 20. The two elevator braking devices 20 are, in this example, coupled by means of a synchronization rod 15 so that the two elevator braking devices 20 are actuated together. Unintentional unilateral braking can therefore be avoided. The two elevator braking devices 20 are preferably of identical or symmetrical mirrored construction and act when necessary on the braking rails 7 arranged on both sides of the cage 2. The brake rails 7 are, in the example, identical to the guide rails 6. They can, in cooperation with the elevator braking devices 20, brake the elevator cage 2.
    [00033] It is also possible to discard the synchronization rod 15. However, electrical synchronization devices that ensure the simultaneous activation of elevator braking devices 20 arranged on both sides of the elevator cage, are then recommended.
    [00034] A first embodiment of an elevator braking device 20 is explained in a schematic illustration in Figs. 3 to 6. The figures illustrate the same elevator braking device 20 in different working positions. Fig. 3 illustrates the elevator braking device 20 in a first position b1. This position shown in Fig. 3 also corresponds to a normal position for the elevator braking device. In this position, the travel body 2, 3 or the elevator cage 2 can be moved. The elevator braking device 20 does not brake. A brake housing 21 is installed in a support 9. Support 9 is attached to the travel body 2, 3 normally the elevator cage 2. Alternatively, the support 9 can also be a direct component of the elevator cage. The brake housing 21 in the example is fixed to the support 9 by means of sliding connections 22, 23, 50 in such a way that on the one hand it can be displaced in the vertical direction within the vertical guides 50, for example, in partitions. On the other hand, it can also be displaced in the lateral direction by means of guide rods 22 and sliding guides 23. In a simple embodiment, the guide rod 22 can also be arranged directly in the partition of the vertical guide 50. An adjustment spring 52 presses the brake 21 against a support 43, which is preferably configurable. The adjustment spring 52 can be a compression spring, a tension spring or other force element. Instead of individual springs, a plurality of springs can of course also be used. It is important that the adjustment force produced by the adjustment spring 52 is independent of the possible states of movement or acceleration states of the path body.
    [00035] A force store 24 pushes the brake housing 21 by a force F24 in the upward direction. However, this force F24 reacts to an actuator 32. In the example, actuator 32 is a clamping electromagnet 36. Clamping electromagnet 36 produces, in the connected state P1, a magnetic holding force F36 that is dimensioned so that it can be keep the brake housing in the first position B1. Advantageously, for this purpose, a reinforcement plate 37, which guarantees the ideal adhesion conditions with respect to the brake housing 21, is arranged in the brake housing 21. The brake housing 21 can, of course, also form the plate itself. of armor 37.
    [00036] Advantageously, the size of the armature plate 37 is selected to be larger than the size of the fixing electromagnet 36. In this way, inaccuracies in production and assembly can be equalized. A brake element 25 is arranged in the brake housing 21. In the example, the brake element 25 is arranged to be pivotable about a rotating geometry axis 28a or around a corresponding rotating support 28. The brake element 25 it is connected to the support 9 by means of a connection part 46 and is, at the same time, resiliently located by a centering device 42, for example, a tensioning device or a tension spring. A position of the brake element 25 is thus determined by the position of the brake housing 21 or a position of the axis of rotation 28a, a geometry of the connection part 46 and the force action of the centering device 42. The part of connection 46 is connected to support 9 by means of a support point 47 and is connected to the brake element by means of a fixation point 48. Connection part 46 includes a free wheel in the form of a partition 49, the function of which is explained later.
    [00037] The brake element 25 has a central fastening region 26, which is formed to be eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation 28a so that a radial spacing R of the axis of rotation 28a for the fastening region 26 increases through an angle of rotation. A braking region 27 is connected to the clamping region 26 without transition. The clamping region 26 is formed in such a way that when the clamping region 26 is pressed against a guide rail 6, the braking element 25 is automatically entrenched or additionally rotated. The attachment region 26, for example, is serrated. In the illustrated normal position of the elevator brake device 20, the connection part 46, the centering device 42 and the position of the brake element 25 are combined with each other so that a transit gap S1 can be configured between the element brake and the guide rail 6. The position of the brake element 25 in this non-brake arrangement is denoted in Fig. 3 by 25a. The brake housing 21 additionally includes a brake plate 30, which is constructed as a counter brake liner. An intermediate space corresponding to the thickness of the guide rail 6 or a brake rail 7 plus twice the amount of transit clearance S1 is present between the brake element 25 and the brake plate 30 in the non-brake arrangement according to 25a. The transit clearance S1 normally adds up to approximately 1.5 mm to 3.0 mm.
    [00038] If the monitoring module 11 of the elevator installation 1 now detects a fault in the elevator installation, which requires the engagement of the elevator braking device 20, the monitoring module 11 deactivates the driver 32 or interrupts a power supply for the clamping electromagnet 36. In this case, the monitoring module is advantageously constructed so that the current supply to the clamping electromagnet 36 is not only interrupted, but regulated in such a way that the magnetic field declines rapidly. A quick response from the elevator braking device can thus be achieved. As a consequence of the drop in the magnetic field, the holding force F36 of the clamping electromagnet 36 is eliminated and the force store 24 pushes the brake housing 21 together with the axis of rotation 28a upwards in a first intermediate position B2 ' as shown in Fig. 4. This means that the brake housing or axis of rotation 28a of the brake element 25 is displaced vertically, in a direction parallel to a braking direction. This displacement is made possible by the vertical guide 50. In that case, the brake element is now restricted by the connecting part 46 at the fixing point 48, where a rotation of the brake element 25 about the rotation axis 28a results. This occurs as long as the fastening region 26 of the brake element 26 is in contact with the guide rail 6 or pressed against the guide rail 6. This position of the brake element 25 is denoted in Fig. 4 by 25b. With respect to the travel body 2, 3 being in a downward motion or as soon as, for example, it slides downwards, the brake element 25 is automatically rotated by the fastening region 26 additionally from the guide rail 6, where the brake housing 21 is moved sideways away until the transit space S1 'between the brake plate 30 and the guide rail 6 is eliminated and additionally until the braking region 27 of the brake element 25 is reached.
    [00039] The brake housing 21 or the axis of rotation 28a of the brake element 25 has now reached a second position B2, which is illustrated in Fig. 5. The brake element has now reached its braking position, which is denoted in Fig. 5 for 25 c. The second position B2 on support 9 is determined by the shape and size of the vertical guide 50. In this embodiment, the vertical guide 50 is limited by a lower vertical support 50 u and an upper vertical support 50o. The braking region 27 produces, together with the brake plate 30, the required braking in order to brake safely and maintain the body of travel. The braking force is transmitted by means of the guide rod 22 and the limit of the vertical guide 50 or, in the example, by means of the upper vertical support 50 o to the support 9 and so on until the path body 2, 3. The point clamp 48 on the braking element 25 has moved similarly downward in partition 40 of connection part 46. This means that when clamping between the clamping region 26 and the guide rail 6 and reaching the limit of the vertical guide 50 or after the corresponding vertical support has occurred, the connection part 46 is released from the load and transfers to free rotation.
    [00040] For the purpose of reconfiguring the elevator installation or to relieve the elevator braking device 20 the travel body 2, 3 is now raised. This actually occurs with the help of driver 5 of the elevator installation 1 or if it is defective, also by other assistants or lifting devices.
    [00041] Since the brake element 25 together with the brake plate 30 is as before being attached to the guide rail 6, the support 9 can, as is apparent from Fig. 6, be set in motion within the guide vertical 50. The brake housing 21 thus reviews the original first position B1 and the armature plate 32 is oriented upwards towards the fixing electromagnet 36. With regard to the monitoring module 11, printing an adequate freedom, the magnetic field of the clamping electromagnet 36 can be switched on, where the brake housing 21 can be held again in the first position B1. With the additional movement of the travel body in an upward direction, the brake element 25, which it holds as before, rotates back until the normal position shown in Fig. 3 is reached again. The contact area between the reinforcement plate 37 and the fixing electromagnet 36 is in this case provided with, for example, a sliding layer that promotes the lateral reconfiguration of the brake housing 21. The shape of the brake element 25 is obviously by means of example. Other ways are possible. Shapes are usually determined or optimized by testing.
    [00042] An alternative embodiment of the elevator braking device 20 known from the previous example is illustrated in Fig. 7. In contrast to the previous embodiment, the driver 32 is constructed by means of a lever mechanism. Instead of direct electromagnetic restriction, the brake housing 21 and, thus, the axis of rotation 28a of the brake element 25 are held in the first position B1 by means of a locking cylinder 33. The locking cylinder 33 is arranged on a locking lever 35 which is mounted on a support point 34. The lock 35 is now held by the fixing electromagnet 36 with affiliated armature plate 37 in the first position P1. With the removal of the force F36 from the clamping electromagnet 36, the lock cylinder 33 may deform and the force store 24 can push the brake housing 21, as explained in the previous embodiment, together with the geometrical axis 28a of upward rotation into the position B2 ', B2. Relaxation can also be performed as described above. In this regard, the locking lever 35 together with the locking cylinder 33 and the armature plate 37 are reconfigured, for example, by an auxiliary weight 38 or an auxiliary spring 39 so that the armature plate 37 when it reaches the first position B1 and the first P1 configuration of the actuator rests against the fixing electromagnet 36.
    [00043] A lateral displacement of the brake housing 21 can in this case occur in a simple way, since the locking cylinder 33 produces virtually no lateral resistance to change. In addition, a required electromagnetic force of the clamping electromagnet 36 can be designed to be small, since the required force F36 of the clamping electromagnet 36 can be reduced by selecting the lever arrangement.
    [00044] Numerous alternative variations of the modality obviously exist. Thus, for example, a horizontally arranged articulation support can be used instead of the vertical guide 50 or a counter brake wedge, which produces additional amplification, can be used instead of the brake plate 30.
    [00045] An additional embodiment of an elevator braking device 20 is explained in Figs. 8s, 8f and 9s, 9f. In this embodiment, use is made, for example, of a braking device as it is known in the basic form of DE 2139056. Figs. 8s and 8f illustrate the elevator brake device 20 in the first position B1, where 8s illustrates a side view and 8f a view from the front. Figs. 9s and 9f illustrate the same elevator braking device in the second position B2. The first position B1 illustrated in Figs. 8s and 8f corresponds again to the normal position of the elevator braking device 20. In this position the travel body 2, 3 or the elevator cage 2 can be moved. The elevator braking device does not brake. The brake housing 21 is again installed in the support 9. Support 9 is attached to the travel body 2, 3. Alternatively, support 9 in this embodiment can obviously be a direct component of the lifting cage or the travel body.
    [00046] In the example, the brake housing 21 is fixed to the support 9 by means of individual guide rod 22 on the vertical guide 50 in such a way that it can be displaced in the vertical direction within the vertical guides 50, here in the form of partitions. In this example, the vertical guide 50 is also delimited by the vertical supports 50 u, 50o. Located at the second end of the brake housing 21 is a nose support 51 which is constructed in order to introduce, in cooperation with the guide rod 22 and the corresponding vertical support of the vertical guide 50, necessary braking forces from the housing brake 21 for support 9. At the same time, the brake housing 21 is obviously also mounted to be displaced in the lateral direction by means of guide rods 22. In this example too, the reconfiguration spring 52 pushes the brake housing 21 against the configurable support 43. This configurable support 43, for example, is a support screw, which is screwed into the support 9 and, in this way, determines a lateral position of the brake housing 21 in the support 9.
    [00047] In this mode also the force store 24 pushes the brake housing 21 by a force F24 in the upward direction. In this example, two compression springs are used. The number of springs used in this regard is of secondary importance. However, this force F24 is opposed to the driver 32. The driver 32 is again a clamping electromagnet 36. In the connected state P1 the clamping electromagnet 36 generates a magnetic holding force F36 that is dimensioned so that it can maintain the brake 21 in the first position B1 by means of a brake housing support 21 '. In this example, the clamping electromagnet 36 acts on the brake housing support 21 'by means of the locking lever 35 and the locking cylinder 33 disposed on the locking lever. The locking lever 35 acts by means of a lever translation, which is determined by the support point 34 of the locking lever 35.
    [00048] The brake element 25 is again disposed in the brake housing 21. The brake element 25 includes, in this embodiment, a control cam 44 and a brake shoe 45. The control cam 44 is mounted so as to be rotating about the corresponding axis of rotation 28a or around the corresponding rotating support 28. The control cam 44 is connected to the support 9 by means of a connection part 46 and is, at the same time, resiliently fixed by the control device centering 42. A position of the control cam 44 is thus determined by the position of the brake housing 21 or a position of the axis of rotation 28a, a geometry of the connecting part 46 and force action of the centering device 42. The connecting part 46 is connected to the support 9 via the support point 47 and is connected to the brake element 25 or control cam 44 via the fixing point 48. The connecting part 46 includes a free wheel in the form it gave a partition 49, the function of which was explained in principle in the previous example.
    [00049] The control cam 44 comprises a control cam 44 'that is formed with respect to the axis 28a of rotation so that a radial spacing R of the axis 28a of rotation for the control 44' increases through an angle of rotation. For activating the elevator braking device, as shown in Figs. 9s and 9f, the fixing electromagnet 36 is deactivated. The monitoring module 11 for this purpose, for example, interrupts a power supply to the clamping electromagnet 36 '. The holding force F36 of the clamping electromagnet 36 thus falls and the force store 24 pushes the brake housing together with the axis of rotation 28a upward, finally into the second position B2. This means that the brake housing or the axis of rotation 28a of the brake element 25 together with the control cam 44, the control cam 44 'and the brake shoe 45 are vertically displaced on the support 9. This displacement is possible by the vertical guide 50. In that case, the control cam 44 is now restrained by the connection part 46 at the fixing point 48, where a rotation of the control cam 44 about the axis of rotation 28a results. This occurs as long as the control cam 44 'of the control cam 44 is in contact with the guide rail 6 or pressed against the guide rail 6. With respect to the travel body 2, 3 is disposed in the downward motion or as soon as , for example, slide downwardly on the control cam 44, it is automatically rotated further, where the brake housing 21 is pushed sideways away until the transit gap between the brake plate 30 and the guide rail 6 is eliminated. In addition, by rotating the control cam 44, the brake shoe 45 is placed in contact with the guide rail 6 or pressed against it. The elevator braking device 20 thus achieves the brake configuration. The full functionality in partition 49 and the transmission of force appear in a similar way as explained in relation to the previous modalities.
    [00050] For the purpose of reconfiguring the elevator installation or to relieve the elevator braking device 20 the travel body 2, 3 is now raised again. Since the braking element 25 or the control cam 44 together with the brake shoe 45 and the brake plate 30 is fixed, as before, to the guide rail 6, the support 9 can be set in motion within the vertical guide 50 The brake housing 21 thus obtains the original first position B1 again and the locking lever 35 or the reinforcement plate 37 arranged if necessary on the locking lever is brought upwards to the fixing electromagnet 36. As a monitoring 11 prints a corresponding freedom, the magnetic field of the fixing electromagnet 36 can be switched on, where the brake housing 21 can again be maintained in that first position B1. With the additional movement of the travel body in an upward direction, the brake element 25, which is secured as before, rotates back to the normal position shown in Figs. 8s and 8f be reached again. In this regard, it should be mentioned that the vertical guide 50 additionally allows the path body 2, 3 during reconfiguration to be set in motion regardless of the resistance of the lifting braking device to wiring and when it reaches the first end of the guide vertical 50 for a movement energy of the travel body 2, 3 to assist in reconfiguring the lifting braking device.
    [00051] The illustrated arrangements may vary. The brakes can be attached above or below the cage 2. In addition, a plurality of brake pairs can be used in a cage 2. The braking device can, of course, also be used in a lifting installation with several cages, where then each of the cages has at least one such braking device. The braking device can, if necessary, also be attached to the counterweight 3 or it can be attached to an automatic boost cage.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Elevator braking device for braking a travel body (2, 3) of an elevator installation on a vertically arranged brake rail (7), preferably on a brake rail (7) integrated with a guide rail (6 ), the lifting braking device (20) comprising a brake housing (21), where the brake housing (21) is arranged on the travel body (2, 3) to be displaceable on a vertical guide (50) between a first position (B1) and a second position (B2), a force store (24) that acts by a force (F24) on the brake housing (21) and pushes the brake housing (21) towards the second position (B2), characterized by the fact that the elevator braking device (20) additionally comprises a switchable driver (32) which in a first configuration (P1) maintains the brake housing (21) in the first position (B1) ; A braking force produced by the braking device (20) is transmissible by means of a limit of the vertical guide (50) to the travel body (2, 3).
    [0002]
    2. Elevator braking device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the actuator (32) in a second configuration (P2) releases the brake housing, where the thrust of the brake housing (21) in the direction from the second position (B2) occurs, where by pushing the brake housing (21) towards the second position (B2) a brake element (25) of the elevator braking device (20) can be placed in contact with the brake rail (7).
    [0003]
    Elevator braking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elevator braking device (20) additionally comprises a support (9), which is fixed to the travel body (2, 3 ) of the lifting installation or integrated with it and where the support (9) includes the vertical guide (50), which allows the substantially vertical displacement of the brake housing (21) between the first position (B1) and the second position (B2 ), where the first position (B1) is preferably a lower position and the second position (B2) is preferably a higher position.
    [0004]
    Elevator braking device according to claim 3, characterized in that the force store (24) comprises a compression spring that acts on the brake housing (21) and that is preferably arranged between the support ( 9) and the brake housing (21).
    [0005]
    Elevator braking device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the brake element (25) is mounted in the brake housing (21) to be articulated around a geometric axis (28a) of rotation and the brake element (25) is connected to a connecting part (46) to the support (9) so that the brake element (25) experiences a rotation when the vertical displacement of the brake housing (21) with relation to the support (9) occurs, where the braking element (25) is placed in engagement with the brake rail (7).
    [0006]
    Lift brake device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the brake element (25) is provided with a centering device (42) that holds the brake element (25) in a standby configuration.
    [0007]
    Elevator braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the elevator braking device (20) in the second position (B2) generates an adequate braking force to brake the body. travel (2, 3) of the elevator installation in a travel direction and keep it stopped and where the elevator braking device (20) can be reconfigured by a release movement opposite to the travel direction, where a reconfiguration force required to release the elevator brake device (20) is greater than the force (F24) of the force store (24) so that the brake housing (21) when the elevator brake device (20) is reconfigured from the second position (B2) back to the first position (B1) you can tension the force store (24) and the driver (32) can keep the brake housing (21) in the first position (B1).
    [0008]
    Elevator braking device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the brake element (25) has a central fixing region (26) which is formed eccentrically or similarly to a eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation (28a) so that a radial spacing (R) of the axis of rotation (28a) for the clamping region (26) increases through an angle of rotation or that the brake element ( 25) include a control cam (44) with a control cam (44 ') which is formed eccentrically or similar to a cam with respect to the axis of rotation (28a) so that a radial spacing (R) of the geometry axis (28a) of rotation for the control cam (44 ') increases through a rotation angle, where through the rotation of the control cam (44) a brake shoe (45) is pressed against the brake rail ( 7).
    [0009]
    Elevator braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the elevator braking device (20) comprises a braking plate (30) which is arranged so that the brake (7) or corresponding guide rail (6) can be stuck between the brake element (25) and the brake plate (30), where the brake plate (30) is fixed to the brake housing (21) preferably by by means of a brake spring (31).
    [0010]
    Elevator braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the actuator (32) comprises a fixing electromagnet (36) with an armature plate (37) which can maintain its shape electromagnetic the brake housing (21) in the first position (B1), where in the first configuration (P1) the armature plate (37) rests against the fixing electromagnet (36) and is retained in an electromagnetic way by it and the plate frame (37) in return movement from the brake housing from the second position (B2) to the first position (B1) is placed in contact with the clamping electromagnet (36) even in the current-free state of the clamping electromagnet (36).
    [0011]
    Elevator braking device according to claim 10, characterized in that the actuator (32) preferably comprises an auxiliary weight (38) that holds a dragging device, preferably a locking cylinder (33), in contact with the brake housing (21) or the actuator (32) preferably includes an auxiliary spring (39) which maintains the dragging device, preferably the locking cylinder (33), in contact with the brake housing (21) .
    [0012]
    12. Elevator installation with an elevator cage and with guide rails to guide the elevator cage (2) and with at least one elevator braking device (20), as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by the fact that a brake rail (7) is integrated into the guide rail (6) and the elevator brake device (20) acts when necessary on the brake rail (7) of the guide rail (6).
    [0013]
    13. Elevator installation according to claim 12, characterized in that the elevator cage (2) is provided with two elevator braking devices (20) and these elevator braking devices (20) can act in two guide rails (6) arranged on opposite sides of the elevator cage (2) and where these two elevator braking devices (20) are coupled by a synchronization rod (15).
    [0014]
    14. Method of operation of an elevator braking device of a travel body (2, 3) of an elevator installation, the elevator braking device (20) which is provided for braking on a vertically arranged braking rail ( 7), preferably on a brake rail (7) integrated in a guide rail (6) of the elevator installation, characterized by the fact that a brake housing (21) of the elevator brake device (20) is arranged in the travel body (2, 3) to be moved horizontally on a vertical guide (50) between a first position (B1) and a second position (B2); the brake housing (21) is maintained by a switchable driver (32) in the first position (B1); a force store (24) of the elevator brake device (20) acts by a force (F24) on the brake housing (21), where the brake housing (21) is pushed in the direction of the second position (B2), a braking force produced by the braking device (20) is transmitted via and a vertical guide limit (50) for the path body (2, 3).
    [0015]
    15. Method of operation of an elevator brake device according to claim 14, characterized by the fact that the switchable actuator (32) releases the brake housing when necessary, where the brake housing (21) is pushed by means of the force (F24) of the force store (24) in the direction of the second position (B2), where through the thrust of the brake housing (21) in the direction of the second position (B2), a brake element (25) of the elevator braking device (20) is placed in contact with the brake rail (7).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2760777B1|2015-06-17|
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    KR20140082966A|2014-07-03|
    WO2013045359A1|2013-04-04|
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    MX2014003699A|2014-07-22|
    BR112013018423A2|2016-10-11|
    CN103648953B|2016-06-15|
    US20130081908A1|2013-04-04|
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    MX348031B|2017-05-23|
    US9457989B2|2016-10-04|
    CN103648953A|2014-03-19|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-12-31| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-12-29| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-03-16| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 21/09/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP11183388|2011-09-30|
    EP11183388.5|2011-09-30|
    PCT/EP2012/068639|WO2013045359A1|2011-09-30|2012-09-21|Brake device with electromechanical actuation|
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